Political+processes

= Online Campaigning = Online campaigning is a form of campaigning through the use of social networks such as Twitter and Facebook. Nowadays, politicians will use online campaigning to reach a wider audience such as teens and young adults, rather than only targeting older adults. Especially with recent technological developments, people sp[end less time sitting at the TV watching news and reading newspapers, and spend more time using their laptops and PDAs. Thus, politicians use Facebook and Twitter to give followers and supporters constant updates. Also, using social networks allows the public to comment/tweet/share their own opinions with the politicians.

Political polls: []
 * = Advantages of online campaigning: ||= Disadvantages of online campaigning ||
 * = Direct contact with supporters ||= At risk of hackers hacking into their accounts ||
 * = Constant updates ||= Must be IT literate to see their online campaigns ||
 * = Can use multimedia ||= Spam ||
 * = Can reach a wider audience ||= Must be maintained ||
 * Can get direct feedback from supporters and from analysts (polls) ||  ||

The role that online campaigning played in the 2008 US presidential campaigns:

http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2009/6--The-Internets-Role-in-Campaign-2008.aspx http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2008/The-Internet-Gains-in-Politics.aspx http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2008/PostElection-Voter-Engagement.aspx

How the president continues to campaign online: http://www.facebook.com/barackobama https://twitter.com/#!/BARACKOBAMA

Even after campaigns are over, politicians continue to connect with internet users through social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter. This helps keep politicians up-to-date and informed about the opinions of their followers. However, as seen in the past, politicians may "accidentally" misuse their public accounts and post inappropriate pictures or videos. The most recent case of this was Anthony Weiner, an American politician who posted a picture of himself half-naked on Twitter. This scandal ended Weiner's career and he had to resign.

= Voting = Electronic voting (also known as e-voting) is a term encompassing several different types of voting, embracing both electronic means of casting a vote and electronic means of counting votes. Online voting websites: http://www.votenet.com/ http://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=vot&dir=reg/svr&document=index〈=e
 * Advantages of e-voting || Disadvantages of e-voting ||
 * It allows people who live abroad to participate in elections in their home country || Websites can be hacked and votes can be rigged ||
 * It's a quick way to collect and count votes as appose to old methods. ||  ||

Is e-voting good? http://articles.cnn.com/1999-10-28/tech/9910_28_net.voting.pros.cons.idg_1_online-voting-internet-voting-evoting?_s=PM:TECH

= Lobbying = Online lobbying is the use of the internet to create a political influence. This could include creating petitions for people to sign, which would then be used to change a law, or attempt to bring about better laws. Online lobbying sites: http://www.petitiononline.com/
 * Advantages of online lobbying || Disadvantages of online lobbying ||
 * Allows people around the world to sing online petitions and make changes || Petitions may be forged ||
 * Allows for petitions to reach a wider audience ||  ||

Articles: http://publicmarkup.org/bill/real-time-online-lobbying-transparency-act/ http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/blog/2010/mar/17/digital-economy-bill-twitter-outcry http://www.medianama.com/2009/03/223-general-elections-2009-online-lobbying-comes-of-age/

= Fund-raising = Fund-raising online is using the internet to collect funds for a cause or a political campaign. Doing so would require the use of a credit card to pay online.

http://www.completecampaigns.com/article.asp?articleid=42 http://www.epolitics.com/2009/08/27/two-thirds-of-obamas-online-fundraising-was-via-email/ [] http://e-strategyblog.com/2009/01/barack-obamas-online-fundraising-machine/ Obama got most of his fundraising from emails and online methods. [|Barack Obama - Fundraising Statistics for 2008 Presidential Race]

FEC Rules Leave Loopholes For Online Donation Data []

viral marketing :[] Barack Obama's Online Fundraising Machine - [] (Interesting) [|Obama raises half a billion via online fundraising]

= Advertising = Online advertising is when politicians running for a certain position create advertisements to grab people's attention. Large amounts of money are spent on advertising each year, a large chunk of which goes into online advertising, this is due to the increased amount of internet usage.

http://techpresident.com/blog-entry/online-political-advertising-trinity-google-facebookand-aol http://www.clickz.com/clickz/news/1701454/online-political-ad-spending-forecasts-lack-clarity-consistency http://www.epolitics.com/2009/02/19/online-political-advertising-discussion-march-2nd/#